Ankle foot orthopaedic device is the most widely used, the most common orthopaedic device, the use of people from infants to the elderly have, foreign literature has recorded more than 500 years of history, and the use of the effect is positive, especially the effect of children is obvious.
Ankle foot orthopaedic device, also known as leg orthopaedic device, is an orthopaedic device that has the structure from the lower leg to the foot base and controls the movement of the ankle joint.
Its basic principle of action is divided into three aspects:
1. Fix the normal functional position of the joint to avoid the loosening of ligaments after abnormal stretching.
2. Pull the tendon for a long time to fight muscle contracture.
3. Compensatory partial muscular weakness.
There are nine kinds of indications for it, which are: 1. Ankle and foot fractures or injuries; 3. 3. Moderate or above valgus or valgus; 4. Mild paralysis of knee joint; 5. Foot ptosis; 6. Inside hoofs; 7. Cerebral palsy; 8. Hemiplegia; Paraplegia, etc.
Ankle foot orthotics (AFO) can be divided into two categories
The first type is an athletic ankle orthotic:
When patients use it when they are active, it usually helps them hurt their Ankle, hurt their Ankle and hurt their Ankle hurt. Posterior Posterior elastic ankle-foot orthosis device (Posterior Leaf Spring AFO) Articulated AFO through Articulated AFO; Floor Reaction AFO.
The second type is the protective ankle foot brace:
It can be used in patients bedridden, play a protective, preventive role.
First, sports ankle foot orthopedic device
Fix ankle orthotics
It is made of polypropylene plastic and customized by hand. Its function is to keep ankle in neutral position in any phase of gait cycle, and to correct foot ptosis, knee flexion and ankle pronation. Suitable for deformed ankle joints.
Elastic ankle-foot orthotic for posterior plate
Is the use of polypropylene plastic products, injection molding prefabricated products or handmade products. Its function is to maintain the ankle joint in neutral position at any phase of the gait cycle to prevent foot sag and knee flexion. Suitable for walking in the early stage of hemiplegia.
Chain ankle orthotics
A plastic or metal ankle hinge is used at the ankle level to connect the upper and lower two pieces, and the patient's leg and foot are modeled and customized. Its function is to provide middle/side stability, metatarsal flexion/back flexion control; Typical usage is to allow dorsal flexion while limiting metatarsal flexion. It is suitable for correcting foot ptosis and pronation.
Ground reflex ankle orthotics
Tibia is used near the front end of the plastic sheet, and connected with the lower body, handmade products. Its function is to control and prevent sudden kneeling of the knee joint due to the weakness of quadriceps femoris during the weight-bearing period of the knee joint. And provide in the gastrocnemius, soleus muscle weakness in the case of the ground force. It is suitable for knee weakness combined with foot ptosis and varus.
Two, protective ankle foot support
It is the ankle foot product that USES soft liner, restrict metatarsal flexure, and metatarsal flexure Angle is adjustable. Its function is to maintain and increase dorsal flexion to the greatest extent, reduce metatarsal flexion when lying still, prevent sufficient droop. This support is suitable for the elderly who are bedridden.
1, for bedridden, to prevent foot ptosis and varus deformity.
2. Most patients in the spasticity stage develop from the relaxation stage, so it is necessary to prevent them in advance and avoid the difficulty of later correction.
3. Due to the long recovery process, it is questionable whether patients can insist on good rehabilitation exercise at home; Poor gait over a long period of time can eventually lead to joint deformity. To avoid this condition to the greatest extent, orthotics are recommended.
4. For patients with deformity, it is recommended to use orthopedic devices to promote further rehabilitation.
Application of ankle foot orthotic (AFO)
It is mainly suitable for children with cerebral palsy, hemiplegia and incomplete paraplegia. The function of orthopedic device is to prevent and correct the deformity of limbs, restrain tension, support, stabilize and improve functions. Its effect is divided into production effect and use effect.
The picture shows Dennis brown orthopedic shoes produced by our center
After years of observation, it was found that some patients did not achieve the desired effect due to improper use of orthopedic devices. Therefore, correct dressing is the key to the role of orthopedic devices. The following are the matters needing attention and methods for several types of patients to wear orthopedic devices.
B cerebral palsy patients
Cerebral palsy (cp) : cerebral palsy is also known as cerebral palsy, cerebral palsy, cerebral palsy, etc., hereinafter referred to as cerebral palsy, refers to the prenatal, birth and was born a month, pediatric brain tissue damage in the development of immature stage, cause the progressive and irreversible pathological changes, thus forming abnormal posture and movement dysfunction as the main performance of the syndrome.
Patients with cerebral palsy wear orthopedic devices for the use of the main purpose is: to assist in standing and walking, correction of deformity or consolidate the correction effect, affect muscle tension. If do not wear for a long time, it is easy to appear knee, ankle, foot deformation. After giving appropriate orthopedic implement to wear, because force line corrects, the development of a few joints of the child especially sufficient, can appear the compensatory sex that advances by leaps and bounds recovers a phase. We recommend that children change their orthopedic shoes once every 3 to 5 months (depending on their development) to cope with their development. If not properly worn, it will make the orthopedic device force position and the patient should force position is not consistent, so it can not play its due role, and may even have the opposite effect.
Li patients with low muscle tension
Patients with low muscular tone wear AFO in the hope of giving their children more support to facilitate sports. However, wearing AFO for a long time will make some muscles lack of movement, resulting in decreased muscle strength or muscle atrophy, but will reduce the child's motor function. Therefore, children of this type should be given appropriate massage and strength training when they do not wear orthopedic devices at ordinary times.
Li patients with high muscle tension
The child with high muscle tension, when wearing orthopedic device just, his sufficient heel often cannot go through the corresponding position of AFO sufficient heel, and press AFO hind wall to be able to produce bigger pressure in sufficient heel place thereby, cause local redness swollen even bruise. Also some children foot pronates, foot pronates is more serious, when wearing AFO, can be in outside malleolus, sufficient scaphoid wait for bone to protrude place to cause local cramp and ache. Therefore, the posture of back leaning, hip bending, knee bending and ankle bending should be adopted when wearing, so as to reduce tension, relieve tension, and ensure that the foot heel is in place. In addition, the fixed belt should not be tied too tight. If necessary, the orthopedic device should be taken off for a period of time. In general, children with compression problems will get better after they get used to it for a while. If you still do not adapt to the production unit to contact the solution.
For the intermittent spasm and tension instability of the hand and foot creep type of children, at the beginning of wearing often feel uncomfortable, according to the method described above to deal with, the child will not take long to adapt.
What to do with a lower limb orthotic while crawling: an ankle orthotic can make it difficult for a child to crawl because it prevents the metatarsal flexion of the ankle joint. He can only use further flexion of the knee joint or increase the degree of abduction of the hip joint to crawl forward. Crawling is the main method that the child explores freely while moving in the current stage, so it is better to take off the orthopedic device when training and playing.
Caution for long sitting: sitting on the floor in an AFO is not very stable because children tend to sit in a "W" position and orthotics limit this. So make sure your child sits in a chair or takes off AFO when sitting for long periods of time.
Li hemiplegic patients need ankle orthotics
1) for bedridden patients, it plays a role in preventing foot ptosis and varus deformity. Most patients in the spasticity stage develop from the relaxation stage, so it is necessary to prevent them in advance. Due to the long recovery process, whether the patient can adhere to good rehabilitation exercise at home is a question, if the poor gait for a long time, will eventually lead to joint deformity development. To avoid this situation to the greatest extent, orthopedic devices are recommended.
2) for patients with deformity, the use of orthopedic devices can promote the rehabilitation and correction of patients with deformity.
Therefore, correct wearing of orthopedic devices can fully realize the design concept of orthopedic devices and enable users of orthopedic devices to get the best recovery with the help of orthopedic devices. Therefore, we must master the correct wearing and using methods. At the same time, with the recovery of the patient's condition, the orthopedic device should be continuously followed up for adjustment, and finally achieve the best correction effect.